题记： 比喻处理工作，解决问题，宁可少一些，但是一定要彻底。毛泽东 《中国革命战争的战略问题》第五章第九节：“对于人，伤其十指不如断其一指，对于敌，击溃其十个师不如歼灭其一个师。”
文化知识包含中外文化知识，是学生在语言学习活动中理解文化内涵，比较文化异同，汲取文化精华，坚定文化自信的基础。掌握充分的中外多元文化知识，认同优秀文化，有助于促进英语学科核心素养的形成和发展。
文化知识涵盖物质和精神两个方面。物质方面主要包括饮食、服饰、建筑、交通等，以及相关的发明与创造；精神方面主要包括哲学、科学、教育、历史、文学、艺术，也包括价值观念、道德修养、审美情趣、社会规约和风俗习惯等。
文化知识的教学应以促进学生文化意识的形成和发展为目标。文化学习不仅需要知识的积累，还需要深入理解其精神内涵，并将优秀文化进一步内化为个人的意志和品行。是一个内化于心、外化于行的过程。《英语课程标准（2017年版）》
那么，针对同一篇文章，我们如何能够从不同的角度，深入挖掘文本信息，帮助学生掌握文化知识，内化文化内涵呢？
《新课程标准》也给出了以下具体建议：
结合教材内容，有意识地帮助学生了解英美等国家文化背景知识，理解、分析、讨论语篇所承载的文化内涵和价值取向；
针对出现的与文化习俗相关的习语和成语等，提供背景资料，设计相关情景进行巩固、交际性操练；
在学习中遇到英美国家主要传统节假日、著名人物的纪念日、重要事件纪念日、近期重要事件等时，可向学生推荐相关的专题阅读材料，并组织丰富多样的活动让学生感受和体验有关的文化习俗，同时引导学生正确对待不同文化，防止盲目效仿；
结合课外阅读，创造文化环境，开展主题演讲、文化专题作文比赛、英语诗歌朗诵比赛、知识竞赛、英语戏剧演出、英语歌曲演唱等活动；
根据条件适当开展中外学校、学生之间的联系和联谊活动。
下面以2019年全国1卷阅读理解C篇为例，说一下如何通过一篇文章的精深阅读，围绕文本中的文化内涵进行刻意训练，培养文化意识：
C
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric （生物测量）technologies — like fingerprint scans — to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置） that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence （节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
1. Identity theft
Identity theft is the deliberate use of someone else's identity, usually as a method to gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits in the other person's name, and perhaps to the other person's disadvantage or loss.
2. fingerprint scans A fingerprint scanner system has two basic jobs -- it needs to get an image of your finger, and it needs to determine whether the pattern of ridges and valleys in this image matches the pattern of ridges and valleys in pre-scanned images. 3. biometric technologies Biometrics are automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic. Among the features measured are face, fingerprints, hand geometry, handwriting, iris, retinal, vein, and voice. Biometric data are separate and distinct from personal information. Biometric templates cannot be reverse-engineered to recreate personal information and they cannot be stolen and used to access personal information. 4. private e-spaces e|spaces combines the functionality of executive suites, coworking space and shared offices to create a professional environment for entrepreneurs, small businesses and corporate teams. 那么，我们还可以围绕哪些点做文章，设计相关的教学活动，帮助学生理解文化知识涵盖的物质和精神两方面的内涵呢？
如果喜欢，辛苦点击一下文末右下角的“在看”。
联系客服
