​非谓语动词（2）

Question：非谓语动词内容比较多吧？我感觉非谓语动词比较难。

Answer：是的，非谓语动词内容比较多，一点一点学习就不会感到很难。今天学习非谓语动词（2）

非谓语动词（2）动词+ 带to 的不定式：I decide to go.等

I.动词+ 带to 的不定式

Reading:

One Sunday,Mark decided to go sailing in his boat with his friend Dan. But Dan happened to be away. Dan’s brother John offered to go instead though he did not know anything about sailing. Mark agreed and they set out to sea.

Soon they found themselves in a thick fog. Mark was sure they would be hit by big ship. Fortunately he saw a large buoy through the fog and decided to tie the boat to it for safety. As he was getting into the buoy, however, he dropped the wet rope. The boat moved away in the fog carrying John, who did not know how to use the radio. He drifted away about and was not seen until twelve hours later.

Mark did not know how to get in touch with John, but he intended to. He cried out to John again and again to tell him how to use the radio, but got no answer. Mark then decided not to do anything but wait.

He spent the whole night on the buoy. Early in the morning he fell asleep. He was having a bad dream when a shout woke him up. A ship, the God Hope, came up and he climbed onto it and thanked the captain. The captain told him that John had been picked up by another ship and the ship’s captain had managed to send out a message. “After I got the message, I wondered whether to come directly or not. But then I decided to come and meet you directly. Without the message I would not have found you on the buoy.” said the captain.

“At first I wanted to swim back, but I didn’t dare to try. I thought someone would help me go back. So you are here. Thank you very much.” said Mark.

1. 当下列动词后面接另一个动词时，第二个动词常用带to的不定式

afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, beg,choose, claim, consent,decide, demand, deserve,endeavour, expect, fail, guarantee, happen, help, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, know(how), learn, long, manage, mean(=intend), neglect, offer, omit, plan, prepare, pretend,

promise, prove, refuse, seek, seem, swear,tend, threaten, train, want, wish

Mark decided to go sailing in his boat with his friend Dan.

Dan’s brother John offered to go instead.

The captain had managed to send out a message.

John did not know how to use the radio.

2. 不定式的否定式是 not to do

Mark then decided not to do anything but wait.

在动词fail, hesitate, hurry, mean, neglect, omit, prepare, refuse, train, want, wish 后通常用不定式的否定式。

3.在许多动词（如：afford, expect, intend, mean, seem, want 等）后面，如果上下文的意思清楚，就没有必要重复已经出现的动词， 可以单独用to 来代替：

Mark didn’t know how to get in touch with John, but he intended to.(=...he intended to get in touch with John.)

II.动词+ 疑问词+带to的不定式

1.在下列动词后面常用疑问词+带to 的不定式:ask, consider, decide, discover, discuss, explain, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, show, teach, tell, understand, wonder

John did not know how to use the radio.

He cried out to John again and again to tell him how to use the radio,but got no answer.

2.这种结构常用的疑问词有：

how, what, who, where, when(不用why)

whether 也常用于这种结构中：

I wonder whether to come directly or not.

3.疑问词+不定式除了用于动词之后还可以在从句中充当主语和表语：

主语：Where to find this kind of weed is unknown.

表语：The question is when to complete the task.

4.注意，动词know后面不能直接接不定式：

I know how to drive a car.(不说I know to drive a car.)

III.Come and see/go and work

1.在动词go, come, stop, run, stay, hurry up后面常用and+不带to 的不定式：

Then I decided to come and meet you directly.

2.and 常用在命令句中：Come and help me!  Go and look!

3.and(或but) 后也可以接动词过去式（连接并列谓语动词）：

He climbed onto it and thanked the captain.

He cried out to John again and again to tell him how to use the radio, but got no answer.

IV.Dare 和help

1.现在时dare 可以做情态动词或实意动词，情态动词用得普遍一些：

I dare not go by myself.(情态动词)

或: I don’t dare (to) go myself.(实意动词)

2.过去时dare通常用做实意动词：

But I didn’t dare to try.

3.疑问句中，dare 可以做情态动词或实意动词（但过去式问句中更常用作实意动词）：

Do I dare(to) try? 或 Dare I try?

4.当 dare做实意动词时， 后面可以接带to 或不带to 的不定式， 在非正式口语中不带to 的不定式更常用。

5.dare 通常用于否定句和疑问句。

6.动词help 后面可以接带to 或不带to 的不定式， 意思相同：

I thought someone would help me go back.

或I thought someone would help me to go back.

小练习：

完成句子：

1.Dan’s brother John (offer/ go) instead.

2. The captain (manage / send out) a message.

3. John ( not know/ how/ use) the radio.

上期答案：

1. The boy went to a bookstore (in order) to look for some books he wanted.

2. I want to learn more about geography in order that I could be a sailor as my father.