Lesson 5 Verbs (动词)

~ Verbs include doing, thinking, andsaying words as well as states of being and having. Verbs are an essential partof a clause。 动词包括做什么，想，说的话，以及状态和占有。动词是句子中重要的组成部分。 例子:1. They ran up the hill. (ran)

 

~ Verbs: There are many types ofverbs (动词有许多类型) ~ 1. Doing andaction verb（ 做和行动动词）- 例子：Aidan rode thehorse. (‘rode’ is a doing and action verb) 2. Thinking verb (思考的动词) - 例子：He was worriedabout the test. ('was worried' is a thinking verb) ^^  3. Saying verb (说的动词）- 例子 ：She spoke softly to her cat ('spoke' is a saying verb) 4. Beingor having verb (存在或占有的动词）－ 例子：The fire is in the house. ('is' is being or having verb) ^^

 

~ Verbs have tense. This means theyshow whether the action is taking place in the present, in the past or in thefuture. (动词有时态。这意味着它们显示的动作是否发生在现在，过去或将来) ~

例子 1： Present tense (现在时态）－ I am polishing the table.

例子 2： Past tense （过去的时态）- I polished the table。(polished)<现在的时态是polish (磨光), 加个‘ed'就变成过去的时态 ^^>

例子 3：Future tense (将来的时态）－I will polish the table. (will polish) 《加个‘will’就变成将来的时态》

 

~Another tense often used is timelesspresent and refers to actions that continue over time. 另一种时态往往采用的是永恒的存在并指持续一段时间的行动。～

例子 1： Fish swim in the ocean (鱼在海洋中游泳)

例子 2：Tigers are good hunters (老虎是好猎人)

例子 3：Children enjoy playing games. (孩子们喜欢玩游戏)

 

^^^ All the verbs here and mentionedbefore were finite verbs. Finite verbs have a subject. 在这里和之前提到的所有的动词都限定动词。限定动词有一个主题. (主题 - fish, tigers andchildren) ^^^

～ 一些常见的基本动词（base verbs) ~ ring, leave, bring, fence, drop, tell

^^ Past tense (过去的时态）－ rang, left, brought, fenced, dropped, told^^

^^ Present tense (现在的时态） － is ringing，is leaving, is bringing, is fencing, is dropping, is telling ^^

^^Future tense （过去的时态）－ will ring, will leave, will bring, will fence, will drop, willtell ^^

 

～ Verbs～

 1. I have seen him there several times. （verb （动词）－ have seen) 我曾经见过他有几次

2. Many of them were seeing the show.(verb （动词－were seeing) 他们中许多人都看到了表演。

3. All of the students saw the play.(verb （动词（saw) 所有的人都看到了这场比赛或戏剧。

 

~ Verbs （动词）~

 例子 1：Has Sharon done the work yet? 沙龙已经完成工作了吗？ (verb － Has done）

例子 2：Ian can do the shopping. 伊恩可以负责购物。(verb - do) 例子 3: The classes were doing their assignments? 这一班 在做他们的作业？ (verb - weredoing) ^^

 

~ Change (更改）the verbs （动词）in these sentences （句子） to future tense （将来的时态） ~

例子 1：The boy saw the horse - The boy will see the horse (futuretense)

例子 2:The girls playedin the sand - The girls will play in the sand. (future tense) ^^

 

~ Identify the verbs as action,thinking, saying or having-being verbs (识别动词的种类：做和行动动词，思考的动词，说的动词，存在或占有的动词~

例子1：The boy has had a bad cold. (has had=having-being verbs)

例子 2：The girl believed the story. (believed=thinking verb). ^^

 

 

Reference:

Walker, P., 1996.     Pascal’s BasicPrimary grammar – A concise guide to modern grammar.   NSW, Australia: Copyright Agency Limited