～ Lesson 7 ~ Infinitives (不定词) ～

 

The infinitives is the name of theverb.不定式是动词的名称。例如：win, visit, ride. They usually begin with the word to and arenot the main verbs in a sentence. 他们通常用'to'开始，'infinitives'并非是一个句子的主要动词。 Infinitives (不定词) ~^^

For example:

1。They came to visit their friend. (不定词 － visit）

2。To find the lost treasure was going to be difficult. (不定词 - find) 3. She ran quickly to win the race. (不定词 - win)

 

 

The infinitive often does the work ofother parts of speech.不定词经常为其它词工作.

 

例如:

1.The horse to ride is in thepaddock. (不定词-ride) 要骑的马在牧场里.^'infinitives（不定词)'并非是一个句子的主要动词^Here, 'to ride'describes the horse. Describing words are adjectives. *

 

2。 To visit neighbours he rode his new bike. (去拜访邻居，他骑着新的自行车。) ^^ 'to visit' tells why he rode.(’去拜访'告诉我们为什么他骑着自行车。）^^

 

 

~ Words which tell why, how, when andwhere are adverbs. 那些词告诉我们‘为什么’，‘如何’，‘何时’ 以及‘ 在哪里’都是叫副词。~

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

~Participles (分词) ~

 

 

Another type of verb is theparticiple.(另一种动词是分词。) There are pastparticiples and present participles. (分词有过去分词和现在分词。)^^

 

 ~ Regular verbs are those verbs which use 'ed', 'd', 'en','n' or 't' to form the past participle and 'ing' to form the presentparticiple. (规则动词是指那些使用 'ed'，'d'，'en','n' 或 't' 来形成过去分词以及 ‘ing’ 来形成现在分词。~  For example:**Regular Verbs (规则动词** 1. jump (verb),have jumped (past participle), am jumping (present participle) 

** 2. cry (verb), have cried (pastparticiple), is crying (present participle.....**next Irregular Verbs (不规则动词)*

 

~ Irregular verbs are those, whichform the past participle in a different way. (不规则动词以不同的方式来形成过去分词.)

 

例如:

1. ring (verb), have rung (pastparticiple), am ringing (present participle)

2. buy (verb), have bought (pastparticiple), am buying (present participle) ~

 

 

~ Present Participle (pp)(现在分词) ~

1. The girl mending the fence is mysister. (pp-mending)(在修补栅栏的女孩是我妹妹.)

2. I was running for the bus when Ifall over.(pp-running)(我是在追巴士时跌倒）

3. The children are fishing from thepier. （pp-running)(孩子们在码头钓鱼) ~

4. She sat down and started crying.(pp)(她坐了下来，开始哭泣)

5. I am buying milk for my mother.(pp)(我买牛奶给我母亲。

 

 

~Use each infinitive （不定词） phrase in a sentence ~

1. to follow the car - To follow thecar he neglected the road signs.为了跟踪一辆车，他忽略了路标。

2。to see her friend - The woman to see her friend is in theairport. 看朋友的那位女子在机场。

 

 

 

～ Change the eventsinto present tense. ~

1. She dived into the pool.

2. They drove past us.

3. I told him.

4. Josh travelled by bus to the game.

5. The police followed the car. ~

 

Answers to the previous problems  ~ Past and Present Participles ^^

1. She dives into the pool.

2. They drive past us.

3. I tell him.

 4. Josh travels by bus to the game. 5. The police follow thecar. ^^

 

 

~ Verbs' base form (动词的基本形式）~

1. ridden （ride)

2. meant (mean)

3. chosen (choose)

4. dealt (deal)

5. understood (understand)

6. met (meet) ~

 

 

 

 

Reference:

Walker, P.,1996.     Pascal’s Basic Primary grammar – A concise guideto modern grammar.   NSW, Australia: Copyright Agency Limited