实体机：Windows7
虚拟机：Linux ubuntu 18.04
模拟开发板：vexpress-a9
u-boot版本：u-boot-2017.05-rc2.tar.bz2
下载安装QEMU需要依赖的库
apt install zlib1g-dev
apt install libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-dev
apt install libsdl1.2-dev
apt install libpixman-1-dev libfdt-dev
QEMU源码下载
https://www.qemu.org/download/
使用2.7.0版本进行编译安装
wget https://www.qemu.org/download/qemu-2.7.0.tar.xz
解压
tar -xvf qemu-2.7.0.tar.xz
进入源码目录
配置为ARM架构
./configure --target-list=arm-softmmu --audio-drv-list
make
make install
apt install qemu
查看支持哪些开发板
qemu-system-arm -M help
查看结果如下：
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# qemu-system-arm -M help
Supported machines are:
akita Sharp SL-C1000 (Akita) PDA (PXA270)
ast2500-evb Aspeed AST2500 EVB (ARM1176)
borzoi Sharp SL-C3100 (Borzoi) PDA (PXA270)
canon-a1100 Canon PowerShot A1100 IS
cheetah Palm Tungsten|E aka. Cheetah PDA (OMAP310)
collie Sharp SL-5500 (Collie) PDA (SA-1110)
connex Gumstix Connex (PXA255)
cubieboard cubietech cubieboard
emcraft-sf2 SmartFusion2 SOM kit from Emcraft (M2S010)
highbank Calxeda Highbank (ECX-1000)
imx25-pdk ARM i.MX25 PDK board (ARM926)
integratorcp ARM Integrator/CP (ARM926EJ-S)
kzm ARM KZM Emulation Baseboard (ARM1136)
lm3s6965evb Stellaris LM3S6965EVB
lm3s811evb Stellaris LM3S811EVB
mainstone Mainstone II (PXA27x)
midway Calxeda Midway (ECX-2000)
mps2-an385 ARM MPS2 with AN385 FPGA image for Cortex-M3
mps2-an511 ARM MPS2 with AN511 DesignStart FPGA image for Cortex-M3
musicpal Marvell 88w8618 / MusicPal (ARM926EJ-S)
n800 Nokia N800 tablet aka. RX-34 (OMAP2420)
n810 Nokia N810 tablet aka. RX-44 (OMAP2420)
netduino2 Netduino 2 Machine
none empty machine
nuri Samsung NURI board (Exynos4210)
palmetto-bmc OpenPOWER Palmetto BMC (ARM926EJ-S)
raspi2 Raspberry Pi 2
realview-eb ARM RealView Emulation Baseboard (ARM926EJ-S)
realview-eb-mpcore ARM RealView Emulation Baseboard (ARM11MPCore)
realview-pb-a8 ARM RealView Platform Baseboard for Cortex-A8
realview-pbx-a9 ARM RealView Platform Baseboard Explore for Cortex-A9
romulus-bmc OpenPOWER Romulus BMC (ARM1176)
sabrelite Freescale i.MX6 Quad SABRE Lite Board (Cortex A9)
smdkc210 Samsung SMDKC210 board (Exynos4210)
spitz Sharp SL-C3000 (Spitz) PDA (PXA270)
sx1 Siemens SX1 (OMAP310) V2
sx1-v1 Siemens SX1 (OMAP310) V1
terrier Sharp SL-C3200 (Terrier) PDA (PXA270)
tosa Sharp SL-6000 (Tosa) PDA (PXA255)
verdex Gumstix Verdex (PXA270)
versatileab ARM Versatile/AB (ARM926EJ-S)
versatilepb ARM Versatile/PB (ARM926EJ-S)
vexpress-a15 ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A15
vexpress-a9 ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A9
virt-2.10 QEMU 2.10 ARM Virtual Machine
virt QEMU 2.11 ARM Virtual Machine (alias of virt-2.11)
virt-2.11 QEMU 2.11 ARM Virtual Machine
virt-2.6 QEMU 2.6 ARM Virtual Machine
virt-2.7 QEMU 2.7 ARM Virtual Machine
virt-2.8 QEMU 2.8 ARM Virtual Machine
virt-2.9 QEMU 2.9 ARM Virtual Machine
xilinx-zynq-a9 Xilinx Zynq Platform Baseboard for Cortex-A9
z2 Zipit Z2 (PXA27x)
apt install arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
//查看安装的apt软件
apt list --installed
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
#命令&参数解释：
#sudo——获取 root 权限
#apt-get——执行安装卸载功能的软件
#autoremove——告诉 apt-get 我们所要做的操作是移除软件
#–purge——注意这前面是两个短划线，这个参数是告诉他们要完整的干净的彻底的移除
#加上即将卸载的软件名称
#sudo apt-get autoremove --purge vim
解压源码文件后执行如下命令
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/Desktop/u-boot-2017.05-rc2# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPLIE=arm-linux-gnueabi- vexpress_ca9x4_defconfig
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.lex.c
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/conf.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/conf
#
# configuration written to .config
#
执行编译过程
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- -j8
可以看到生成的uboot.bin文件
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/Desktop/u-boot-2017.05-rc2# qemu-system-arm -M vexpress-a9 -m 512M -kernel ./u-boot -nographic -no-reboot
pulseaudio: set_sink_input_volume() failed
pulseaudio: Reason: Invalid argument
pulseaudio: set_sink_input_mute() failed
pulseaudio: Reason: Invalid argument
U-Boot 2017.05-rc2 (Oct 24 2023 - 07:32:41 -0700)
DRAM: 512 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: 128 MiB
MMC: MMC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: smc911x-0
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=>
启动后，可以看到u-boot已经正常运行，但是由于找不到kernel，所以无法启动kernel，因此停留在u-boot命令行模式下。
在uboot下使用help命令，可以查看uboot的所有指令。
=> help
? - alias for 'help'
base - print or set address offset
bdinfo - print Board Info structure
bootefi - Boots an EFI payload from memory
bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory
bootm - boot application image from memory
bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol
bootvx - Boot vxWorks from an ELF image
bootz - boot Linux zImage image from memory
cmp - memory compare
cp - memory copy
crc32 - checksum calculation
dhcp - boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol
echo - echo args to console
env - environment handling commands
erase - erase FLASH memory
exit - exit script
ext2load- load binary file from a Ext2 filesystem
ext2ls - list files in a directory (default /)
ext4load- load binary file from a Ext4 filesystem
ext4ls - list files in a directory (default /)
ext4size- determine a file's size
false - do nothing, unsuccessfully
fatinfo - print information about filesystem
fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls - list files in a directory (default /)
fatsize - determine a file's size
fdt - flattened device tree utility commands
flinfo - print FLASH memory information
fstype - Look up a filesystem type
go - start application at address 'addr'
help - print command description/usage
iminfo - print header information for application image
load - load binary file from a filesystem
loop - infinite loop on address range
ls - list files in a directory (default /)
md - memory display
mii - MII utility commands
mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing address)
mmc - MMC sub system
mmcinfo - display MMC info
mw - memory write (fill)
nm - memory modify (constant address)
part - disk partition related commands
ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv- print environment variables
protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
pxe - commands to get and boot from pxe files
reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
run - run commands in an environment variable
save - save file to a filesystem
saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
setenv - set environment variables
showvar - print local hushshell variables
size - determine a file's size
source - run script from memory
sysboot - command to get and boot from syslinux files
test - minimal test like /bin/sh
tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
true - do nothing, successfully
version - print monitor, compiler and linker version
=>
由此，qemu加载uboot的流程已完成，下一步使用测试使用uboot加载内核的过程。
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