呼伦贝尔市林业科学研究所,东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,呼伦贝尔市林业科学研究所,呼伦贝尔市林业科学研究所,呼伦贝尔市林业科学研究所
作者简介:X53
基金项目:黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目(JC201401)和中央高校创新团队与重大项目培育资金项目(2572014EA01)资助
HPMA Effects on Surface Structures and Colloids Composition of Dark-brown Forest Soils and Degraded Saline-alkali GrasslandHulunBuir Forestry Research Institution,The key laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology Ministry of Education,The key laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology Ministry of Education,HulunBuir Forestry Research Institution,HulunBuir Forestry Research Institution,HulunBuir Forestry Research Institution
Fund Project:水解聚马来酸酐(HPMA)能起到土壤改良的作用,进而促进种子萌发及植物生长,但是其与土壤相互作用的深层机理尚未阐明。基于此本文选用HPMA处理森林暗棕壤和草地退化盐碱地土壤胶体,并用激光粒径仪、原子力显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱进行分析,探究HPMA对土壤胶体表面结构特征、矿物组成和有机组成的影响,旨在揭示HPMA对不同土壤胶体的影响差异的深层机理。结果显示,HPMA能够改良退化土壤的原因应该与其对土壤胶体表面结构特征、矿物结晶和有机化学元素组分的影响有关,但对森林暗棕壤和草地退化盐碱地土壤的影响存在明显差异。对于森林暗棕壤这种优质土壤,HPMA处理后,矿物质的结晶度有降低的趋势,但并没有产生强烈的化学反应,多数官能团趋向于增加,碳酸盐官能团降低幅度不是很大,约3% ~ 8%,土壤胶体粒径增加了,其中表层增加了13.62%,深层增加了34.96%,但只有深层土壤达到显著水平。而对于草地退化盐碱地土壤,土壤胶体粒径显著增加(27.54%),达到了统计学显著水平(P<0.05),除了石英相对结晶度降低了7.10%,其余都降低了30% 以上,导致不同土壤矿物的晶粒尺寸显著增加了(水云母、蛭石、高岭石的晶粒尺寸分别增加101.37%、56.16%、50.76%),多数官能团的相对含量降低,其中碳酸盐官能团降低量最大,达到96.79%,这些使得土壤元素配比逐渐趋向于优质土壤(C:O=0.27;C:N=9.98;C:Si=0.91;O: Si=3.38;Si:N=10.93),这可能意味着HPMA与土壤胶体中的碳酸钙等不同土壤矿物发生了强烈的化学反应,从而影响了土壤晶粒结构和化学组成,进而起到土壤改良的作用。
Abstract:Hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) plays an important role in improving soil, promoting seed germination and growth, but the further mechanism of its interaction with soil are still unclear. Thus in this paper HPMA was used to treat the colloids of dark-brown forest soils and degraded saline-alkali grassland soil, and then Laser particle size analyzer, Atomic force microscope (AFM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), Infrared spectrum (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study the surface structures, mineral crystals and organic compositions of the colloids in order to reveal the further mechanism of the differences in HPMA effects on different soil colloids. The results showed that the improvement of HPMA on soil degradation is related with its influence on the surface structures, mineral crystals and organic compositions of soil colloids, but the remarkable difference of the influences existed between forest dark brown soil and degraded saline-alkali grassland soil. For dark brown soil forest, the crystallinity of minerals decreased, but no strong chemical reaction happened, more functional groups tended to increase, while carbonate functional group decreased only by 3% – 8%. The colloid size increased, the surface ones increased by 13.62% (P>0.05) while the deep ones by 34.96% (P<0.05). For degraded saline-alkali grassland soil, colloid size increased significantly (27.54%, P<0.05), in addition, quartz crystallinity decreased by 7.10% and the others by 30% more, which led to the significant increases of all soil mineral grains in size (increased by 101.37%, 56.16% and 50.76% for hydromica, vermiculite and kaolinite, respectively), with the contents of more functional groups reduced, among of which carbonate functional groups reduced by 96.79%. This variations result in element ratios of high quality soils (C︰O = 0.27; C︰N 9.98; C︰Si = 0.91; O︰Si = 3.38; Si︰N = 10.93), which indicate that strong chemical reactions happened between HPMA and calcium carbonate and other minerals in soil colloids.
引用本文李艳红,王文杰,贺海升,南海涛,孙少辉,张红蕾.水解聚马来酸酐对森林暗棕壤和草地退化盐碱地土壤 胶体表面结构与组成的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1181-1191. LI Yan-hong, WANG Wen-jie, HE Hai-sheng, NAN Hai-tao, SUN Shao-hui, ZHANG Hong-lei. HPMA Effects on Surface Structures and Colloids Composition of Dark-brown Forest Soils and Degraded Saline-alkali Grassland[J]. Soils,2015,47(6):1181-1191
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