14本帖最后由 colorfulfish 于 2014-4-29 14:06 编辑
H版当年的phonics学习笔记
Phonics 是将英语单词解读出来的方法. 学习 Phonics 之后, 就可以直接读出单词的读音. 这就象学中文的孩子学习了拼音后, 凡是有拼音加注的书都能读出来是一个道理. Phonics 和拼音有许多相似的地方, 都是通过字母和字母组合的发音拼读出单词的读音. Phonics 也分有元音vowel (韵母)和辅音 consanent (声母). 元音有长元音 long vowel, 短元音short vowel, 和双元音vowel digraphs (双韵母). 辅音有一般辅音, 辅音组合, 和zh, ch, sh, th (consanent digraphs) 等.
首先, 在学习 Phonics 之前, 各位父母和老师请先参阅 Phonics Rules. 了解其基本规则, 音节划分原则, 和重音原则等.
http://english.glendale.cc.ca.us/phonics.rules.html· 学习字母的发音, 即字母组合成单词后在单词中的发音. 下面表中的元音 a, e, i, o, u 都是短元音. 每个字母后列出的单词是个例子, 例词是最常用的词. 念念例词就知道字母的相应发音了. 例词也可以是其他单词. 这个表要求能读下来, 熟记字母的发音. 读的时候应该这么读 :
A, a, (字母读法), apple, /a/ (短元音读法).
B, b, (字母读法), box, /b/ (辅音读法)…
Aa
apple
Nn
nut
Bb
box
Oo
octopus
Cc
cat
Pp
pig
Dd
dog
Qq
quilt
Ee
egg
Rr
rat
Ff
fan
Ss
sun
Gg
gum
Tt
top
Hh
hat
Uu
umbrella
Ii
igloo
Vv
van
Jj
jet
Ww
well
Kk
kid
Xx
fox
Ll
log
Yy
yak
Mm
mug
Zz
zoo
父母将上面的字母表做成卡片, 每个字母一张. 画上与单词相应的图画. 每天和孩子读一读. 帮助孩子熟练掌握.
或用帖子里#7楼附件里的录像
· 然后学习长短元音和其他辅音的拼读.
short vowel
元音在CVC(consanent+vowel+consanent)
词语中读短音
Long vowel
元音在 CVC+e 的词语中读长音
e 不发音
a
e
i
o
u
a
e, ee, ea
i
o
u
b
bat
bet
big
bop
bun
bake
be
bite
bone
c
cat
cut
cake
code
cute
d
dad
den
dig
dot
dud
date
deed
dive
dole
f
fan
fed
fin
fop
fun
fake
feed
fish
g
gap
get
gig
got
gum
gate
give
h
hat
hen
hid
hot
hug
hate
he
hive
home
j
jam
jet
Jim
jog
jug
joke
l
lap
leg
lip
lot
lug
late
leap
like
m
man
met
mid
mop
mug
mate
me
mile
mute
n
nag
net
nip
nod
nut
name
neat
note
p
pan
pen
pin
pot
pun
peep
poke
r
rap
red
rib
rot
rug
rate
read
ride
robe
s
sad
set
sit
sob
sun
same
see
size
t
tap
ten
tin
top
tug
take
teach
tide
tube
w
wag
wet
win
wake
we
wide
woke
y
yam
yet
yip
yum
-ck
back
deck
sick
dock
duck
· -y ending has a long e sound
dusty handy rusty sandy candy
runny penny sunny funny bunny daddy puppy silly
· Consonant digraph 两个辅音组合发一个音.
sh 开头
ch
wh
th
qu
shell shock shut shop shank Ship shave sheep sheet shall shape
chip chin check chat chill cheek child cheese chase cheat
when wheel wheat while whip whale which white who whose what why
thin thump thank thick this them that those that they thing then think these
quiz quit queen quote quack quick quite quake
-sh 结尾
-ch
-th
fish wish dash hash cash push rash
much lunch catch such bench pinch watch
math path bath with
ch 在有些词语中发K 的音
K=ch
chord ache school scholar scholastic scheme chemist Christie Christen Christmas Christopher
· Ng nk ending
-ing
-ang
-ung
-ong
-ing
-ink
-ank
-unk
sing
king
ring
wing
bang
gang
hang
fang
sang
hung
sung
mung
song
long
gong
pong
wishing bashing gashing singing helping
sink
link
pink
kink
wink
dank
rank
bank
tank
dunk
hunk
punk
junk
· Long vowel digraphs 元音组合发长元音
a
ai
aid maid paid aim rain main pain brain train strain jail nail fail trail wait faint paint chain complaint
ay
may say stay today play clay flag delay layer way holiday pray gray hay crayfish
e
ie
thief chief pier tier relieve believe achieve field yield
i
ie y
lie pie tie die my by spy shy why eye style
ui uy
guy buy guile guide disguise
o
oa
oat boat goat loat loaf road roast
oe
toe hoe goes
ow
tow row bow low slow flow grow hollow follow yellow fellow pillow willow window shadow
u
oo
too soon spoon spool moose moon fool food choose smooth stool zoom tooth proof
o
do prove move to improve movie two whom move
ue
blue glue flue true due
ui
fruit juice bruise cruise suit
ew
new dew grew stew blew news chew few mew skew
ou
you youth your soup group
oo
look good book shook woof cook wooden brook roof cookie hood took wool foot stood
oul
could would should
u
full push put full bush pudding bullet
oi
oil boil toil foil soil coil poison void avoid noisy spoil moist voice choice coin join point appointment
oy
boy Joyce toy destroy oyster enjoy joyful annoy employ
ou
out scout shout loud mouth couch pouch proud count ground house mouse our sour flour about
ow
how cow now wow bow vowel towel town gown down frown crown brown clown crowd
tower power flower shower powder browse owl
au
cause haul pause sauce fault clause
aw
saw law jaw paw draw dawn yawn lawn
al
halt also alter halter almost alternate false always bald falter salt
all
all tall hall wall stall ball mall call small fall calling small
o
dog boss cost fog frog hog log loft loss lost moss soft smog off floss toss offer cross frost
· Short vowel spelling patterns
e
ea
dead breath heavy weather heaven wealth read deaf steady leather health head ready feather sweater instead
ai
again against said fountain mountain
i
y
myth gym crystal typical symbol system mystery sympathy
u
ou
touch couple young double cousin country
oo
flood blood
· Silent
k
knot knit knock knife knee knob know
w
wrist write wrong wreath wrote
l
talk half walk calf stalk chalk
b
dumb lamb climb comb limb bomb
t
often listening hasten soften listen castle whistle
h
hour hourly ghost honest honestly honor
gh
fight tight light night sight flight right slight high fright might bright
ought thought sought bought brought caught naughty taught daughter
· Long a spelling pattern
ei
vein rein skein rein-deer
eigh
eight weight neighbor freight
ey
hey they prey grey obey survey
ea
steak break great rump-steak breaking greatness
are
fare share spare care stare scare blare glare snare flare dare rare
air
air fair stair pair hair chair
ear
bear rear wear pear
ere
there where
ph phone physics phonics phase physical elephant orphan phrase
telephone photograph
gh rough laugh enough tough cough
每一个表格中, 第一项是字母组合, 后面列有相对应的单词供拼读练习之用, 不要求孩子识记. 只要孩子能拼读出来, 掌握了规律, 就算达到目的.
