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SNMP之JRobin Core学习 | micmiu
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Crazy Zeng  >《snmp》

2014.12.16

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最近接触一个流量统计和网管的系统，对相关信息和技术做了一些了解和学习，在此记录，以供自己日后回顾，同时也方便给刚接触的TX们一些参考。

MRTG(Multi Router Traffic Grapher,MRTG),相信接触过网络管理的人，应该不会对它陌生的。MRTG是比较早的技术了，后来在此基础上发展了RRD技术，相比MRTG而言更加灵活方便。

JRobin(基于LGPL授权的开源技术)就是RRD的一个Java实现的版本。JRobin支持在RRD(Round Robin Database)上的所有标准操作:CREATE, UPDATE, FETCH, LAST, DUMP, XPORT和GRAPH。JRobin的API适合于那些熟悉RRDTool的概念与逻辑,但更喜欢使用纯Java实现的人。如果你提供相同的数据给RRDTool与JRobin，你将会得到相同的结果与图形。

ps：JRobin的官网：
http://oldwww.jrobin.org/
http://www.jrobin.org/index.php/Main_Page

先从Core API 开始了解学习如何定义RRD模板、如何创建RRD文件、如何获取RrdDb、如何将RRD文件和XML之间转换以及如何从RRD文件里读取数据等基础内容，下面是学习时写的一些测试代码：TestCoreRrd.java

1package com.snmp.jrobin;
2 
3import org.jrobin.core.DsDef;
4import org.jrobin.core.DsTypes;
5import org.jrobin.core.FetchData;
6import org.jrobin.core.FetchRequest;
7import org.jrobin.core.RrdDb;
8import org.jrobin.core.RrdDef;
9import org.jrobin.core.Sample;
10import org.jrobin.core.Util;
11 
12/**
13 * JRobin Core学习
14 * @author Michael sun
15 */
16public class TestCoreRrd {
17    /**
18     * @param args
19     */
20    public static void main(String[] args) {
21        // 2010-10-01:1285862400L 2010-11-01:1288540800L
22        long startTime = Util.getTimestamp(2010, 10 - 1, 1);
23        long endTime = Util.getTimestamp(2010, 11 - 1, 1);
24 
25        TestCoreRrd test = new TestCoreRrd();
26        String rootPath = "d:/test/jrobin/";
27        String rrdName = "demo_flow.rrd";
28        // 测试创建RrdDef
29        RrdDef rrdDef = test.createRrdDef(rootPath, rrdName, startTime);
30        // 测试创建RRD文件 初始数据
31        test.createRRDInitData(startTime, endTime, rootPath, rrdName, rrdDef);
32        // 测试获取RrdDb的方法
33        test.getRrdDbMethod(rootPath);
34        // 测试FetchData获取RRD
35        test.fetchRrdData(rootPath, rrdName);
36    }
37 
38    /**
39     * 创建RRDDef
40     */
41    private RrdDef createRrdDef(String rootPath, String rrdName, long startTime) {
42        try {
43 
44            String rrdPath = rootPath + rrdName;
45            RrdDef rrdDef = new RrdDef(rrdPath, startTime - 1, 300);
46            // DsTypes: GAUGE COUNTER DERIVE ABSOLUTE
47            DsDef dsDef = new DsDef("input", DsTypes.DT_COUNTER, 600, 0,
48                    Double.NaN);
49            rrdDef.addDatasource(dsDef);
50 
51            rrdDef.addDatasource("output", DsTypes.DT_COUNTER, 600, 0,
52                    Double.NaN);
53 
54            rrdDef.addArchive("AVERAGE", 0.5, 1, 600);
55            rrdDef.addArchive("AVERAGE", 0.5, 6, 700);
56            rrdDef.addArchive("AVERAGE", 0.5, 24, 797);
57            rrdDef.addArchive("AVERAGE", 0.5, 288, 775);
58            rrdDef.addArchive("MAX", 0.5, 1, 600);
59            rrdDef.addArchive("MAX", 0.5, 6, 700);
60            rrdDef.addArchive("MAX", 0.5, 24, 797);
61            rrdDef.addArchive("MAX", 0.5, 288, 775);
62 
63            // RRD file definition is completed
64 
65            rrdDef.exportXmlTemplate(rootPath + rrdName + "_template.xml");
66            System.out.println("[RrdDef Template  export xml success]");
67 
68            return rrdDef;
69        } catch (Exception e) {
70            e.printStackTrace();
71            return null;
72        }
73    }
74 
75    /**
76     * 通过RrdDef创建RRD文件并初始化数据
77     */
78    private void createRRDInitData(long startTime, long endTime,
79            String rootPath, String rrdName, RrdDef rrdDef) {
80        try {
81 
82            RrdDb rrdDb = new RrdDb(rrdDef);
83            // / by this point, rrd file can be found on your disk
84 
85            // 模拟一些测试数据
86            //Math.sin(2 * Math.PI * (t / 86400.0)) * baseval;
87            int baseval = 50;
88            for (long t = startTime; t < endTime; t += 300) {
89                Sample sample = rrdDb.createSample(t);
90                double tmpval = Math.random() * baseval;
91                double tmpval2 = Math.random() * baseval;
92                sample.setValue("input", tmpval + 50);
93                sample.setValue("output", tmpval2 + 50);
94                sample.update();
95            }
96            System.out.println("[RrdDb init data success]");
97            System.out.println("[Rrd path]:" + rrdDef.getPath());
98 
99            // rrdDb.dumpXml(rootPath + rrdName + "_rrd.xml")
100            rrdDb.exportXml(rootPath + rrdName + ".xml");
101 
102            // If your RRD files are updated rarely, open them only when
103            // necessary and close them as soon as possible.
104            rrdDb.close();
105 
106            System.out.println("[RrdDb export xml success]");
107        } catch (Exception e) {
108            e.printStackTrace();
109 
110        }
111    }
112 
113    /**
114     * 除根据RrdDef以外获取RrdDb的其他方法
115     */
116    private void getRrdDbMethod(String rootPath) {
117        try {
118 
119            // 根据RRD文件获取RrdDb
120            String rrdFullPath = rootPath + "demo_flow.rrd";
121            RrdDb rrdDb = new RrdDb(rrdFullPath);
122            System.out.println("[info:]" + rrdDb.getInfo() + "[path:]"
123                    + rrdDb.getPath());
124            rrdDb.close();
125 
126            // 根据XML文件获取RrdDb
127            rrdDb = new RrdDb(rootPath + "copy.rrd", rootPath
128                    + "demo_flow_rrd.xml");
129            System.out.println("[info:]" + rrdDb.getInfo() + "[path:]"
130                    + rrdDb.getPath());
131            rrdDb.close();
132        } catch (Exception e) {
133            e.printStackTrace();
134        }
135    }
136 
137    /**
138     *
139     */
140    private void fetchRrdData(String rootPath, String rrdName) {
141        try {
142            // open the file
143            RrdDb rrd = new RrdDb(rootPath + rrdName);
144 
145            // create fetch request using the database reference
146            FetchRequest request = rrd.createFetchRequest("AVERAGE", Util
147                    .getTimestamp(2010, 10 - 1, 1), Util.getTimestamp(2010,
148                    10 - 1, 2));
149 
150            System.out.println("[requet dump:]" + request.dump());
151 
152            // filter the datasources you really need
153            // String[] filterDataSource = { "input", "output" };
154            // request.setFilter(filterDataSource);
155 
156            // if you want only the "input" datasource use:
157            // request.setFilter("input");
158 
159            // execute the request
160            FetchData fetchData = request.fetchData();
161            int columnCount = fetchData.getColumnCount();
162            int rowCount = fetchData.getRowCount();
163            long[] timestamps = fetchData.getTimestamps();
164            System.out.println("[data column count:]" + columnCount);
165            System.out.println("[data row count:]" + rowCount);
166 
167            // System.out.println("[fetch data dump:]" + fetchData.dump());
168            // 循环获取数据
169            double[][] values = fetchData.getValues();
170            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("");
171            for (int row = 0; row < rowCount; row++) {
172                buffer.append(timestamps[row]);
173                buffer.append(":  ");
174                for (int dsIndex = 0; dsIndex < columnCount; dsIndex++) {
175                    buffer.append(Util.formatDouble(values[dsIndex][row]));
176                    buffer.append("  ");
177                }
178                buffer.append("\n");
179            }
180            System.out.println("[fetch data display :]\n" + buffer);
181        } catch (Exception e) {
182            e.printStackTrace();
183        }
184 
185    }
186}

RRD定义的模板导出XML：

1<rrd_def>
2   <path>d:/test/jrobin/demo_flow.rrd</path>
3   <step>300</step>
4   <start>1285862399</start>
5   <datasource>
6      <name>input</name>
7      <type>COUNTER</type>
8      <heartbeat>600</heartbeat>
9      <min>+0.0000000000E00</min>
10      <max>U</max>
11   </datasource>
12   <datasource>
13      <name>output</name>
14      <type>COUNTER</type>
15      <heartbeat>600</heartbeat>
16      <min>+0.0000000000E00</min>
17      <max>U</max>
18   </datasource>
19   <archive>
20      <cf>AVERAGE</cf>
21      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
22      <steps>1</steps>
23      <rows>600</rows>
24   </archive>
25   <archive>
26      <cf>AVERAGE</cf>
27      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
28      <steps>6</steps>
29      <rows>700</rows>
30   </archive>
31   <archive>
32      <cf>AVERAGE</cf>
33      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
34      <steps>24</steps>
35      <rows>797</rows>
36   </archive>
37   <archive>
38      <cf>AVERAGE</cf>
39      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
40      <steps>288</steps>
41      <rows>775</rows>
42   </archive>
43   <archive>
44      <cf>MAX</cf>
45      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
46      <steps>1</steps>
47      <rows>600</rows>
48   </archive>
49   <archive>
50      <cf>MAX</cf>
51      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
52      <steps>6</steps>
53      <rows>700</rows>
54   </archive>
55   <archive>
56      <cf>MAX</cf>
57      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
58      <steps>24</steps>
59      <rows>797</rows>
60   </archive>
61   <archive>
62      <cf>MAX</cf>
63      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
64      <steps>288</steps>
65      <rows>775</rows>
66   </archive>
67</rrd_def>

RRD文件转换成XML文件的片段：

1<rrd>
2   <!-- JRobin, version 0.1 -->
3   <version>0001</version>
4   <!-- Seconds -->
5   <step>300</step>
6   <!-- Sun Oct 31 23:55:00 CST 2010 -->
7   <lastupdate>1288540500</lastupdate>
8   <ds>
9      <name>input</name>
10      <type>COUNTER</type>
11      <minimal_heartbeat>600</minimal_heartbeat>
12      <min>+0.0000000000E00</min>
13      <max>NaN</max>
14      <!-- PDP Status -->
15      <last_ds>+6.9973544356E01</last_ds>
16      <value>+0.0000000000E00</value>
17      <unknown_sec>0</unknown_sec>
18   </ds>
19   <ds>
20      <name>output</name>
21      <type>COUNTER</type>
22      <minimal_heartbeat>600</minimal_heartbeat>
23      <min>+0.0000000000E00</min>
24      <max>NaN</max>
25      <!-- PDP Status -->
26      <last_ds>+9.4423065918E01</last_ds>
27      <value>+0.0000000000E00</value>
28      <unknown_sec>0</unknown_sec>
29   </ds>
30   <rra>
31      <cf>AVERAGE</cf>
32      <!-- 300 seconds -->
33      <pdp_per_row>1</pdp_per_row>
34      <xff>+5.0000000000E-01</xff>
35      <cdp_prep>
36         <ds>
37            <value>NaN</value>
38            <unknown_datapoints>0</unknown_datapoints>
39         </ds>
40         <ds>
41            <value>NaN</value>
42            <unknown_datapoints>0</unknown_datapoints>
43         </ds>
44      </cdp_prep>
45      <database>
46         <!-- Fri Oct 29 22:00:00 CST 2010 / 1288360800 -->
47         <row>
48            <v>+1.4316557626E07</v>
49            <v>+1.2619069495E-01</v>
50         </row>
51         <!-- Fri Oct 29 22:05:00 CST 2010 / 1288361100 -->
52         <row>
53            <v>+1.4063324411E-02</v>
54            <v>+1.4316557534E07</v>
55         </row>
56        <!-- 省略部分信息-->
57         ...........................
58       </database>
59     </rra>
60     <!-- 省略部分信息-->
61     ...............................
62  </rrd>

 

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