中隐含机关,预设陷阱,尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力,但由于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等,可能自认为捡了个大便宜,而实际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “do you know ______ english for ‘帅哥’?” “i’m afraid i don’t. i’m not interested in _______ english language.”
a. the, the b. the, 不填
c. 不填, the d. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选d,因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为a。在英语中,表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词,但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。如:
(1) 当语言名词表特指意义,其前可用定冠词。如:
the english spoken in america and canada is a little different from that spoken in england. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。
(2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时,其前要用定冠词。如:
what’s the english for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?
(3) 当在语言名词后加上 language一词时,也要用冠词。如:
there have been many changes in the history of the english language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。
2. i couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but i knew it was ______ sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
a. a, the b. a, 不填
c. 不填, a d. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选d,因为星期名词前不加冠词;而 at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜,其中也不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为b。确实,在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词,但在某些特殊情况下还是可以用冠词的,如表示特指,其前可用定冠词;表示“某一个”或受描绘性定语修饰表示“某种”这样的意义等,其前可用不定冠词。如:
he came on the sunday and went away on the monday. 他星期日来,星期一就走了。
my birthday happened to be on a saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。
3. which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?
a. a, a b. 不填,不填
c. a, 不填 d. 不填,a
【陷阱】误选a或b,认为hair(头发)和beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多,要么都可数,要么都不可数,或者说要么都用不定冠词,要么都不用。
【分析】最佳答案选d。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同:hair 可用作可数或不可数名词,用作可数名词时,指一根一根的毛发或头发,如说 there’s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发);用作不可数名词(集合名词)时,则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较:
he has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。
he has gray hair. 他满头白发了。
而beard 则通常只用作可数名词,且指的是一个人所有的胡须,而不是指一根胡须,它的复数形式,通常是指多个人的胡须,而不是指多根胡须,如:
he no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。
not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。
4. i once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.
a. a, a b. an, an
c. a, an d. an, a
【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案填c。第一空填 a,因为 one-act它的第一个音是辅音不是元音;第二空填an,是因为 11的英文是 eleven它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是 c 不是其他:
(1) before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.
a. a, a b. an, an
c. a, an d. an, a
(2) we hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.
a. a, an b. an, a
c. a, a d. an, an
5. “have you seen _____ pen? i left it here this morning.” “is it _____ black one? i think i saw it somewhere.”
a. a, the b. the, the
c. a, a d. the, a
【陷阱】误选a,生搬硬套冠词用法规则:第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词,第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为c。第一空填a,比较好理解;而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen,即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物,这从后面一句的 i think i saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题:
“have you seen _____ pen? i left it here this morning.” “is it _____ black one? i found it in the corner.”
a. a, the b. the, the
c. a, a d. the, a
此题的最佳答案是 a不是c。请注意其后 i found it in the corner这一信息,它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子:
“have you seen _______ new bike? i put it here just now.” “is it _______ white one? a boy has ridden it away.”
a. a; a b. a; the
c. the; the d. the; a
此题答案选a,注意其后的 a boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。
6. my friend mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.
a. a, a b. a, the
c. the, a d. the, the
【陷阱】很容易误选b,认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词,第二次提到就应该用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为a。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的,此句实为一省略句,补充完整为 my friend mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选a):
(1) jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.
a. a, a b. a, the
c. the, a d. the, the
(2) it is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.
a. a, a b. a, the
c. the, a d. the, the
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again.
a. the, the b. 不填,不填
c. the, 不填 d. 不填,the
2. the operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.
a. a, the b. a, 不填
c. 不填, the d. 不填,不填
3. as _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.
a. a, a b. a, the
c. 不填,不填 d. a, 不填
4. how strange! these years my birthday always falls _____.
a. on the sunday b. on a sunday
c. on sunday d. at a sunday
5. this is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.
a. the, the b. the, a
c. the, 不填 d. a, the
6. as is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.
a. the, a b. the, 不填
c. a, 不填 d. 不填, the
7. he spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.
a. the, 不填 b. a, 不填
c. 不填, 不填 d. the, the
8. as _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.
a. the, 不填 b.不填,不填
c. the, a d. an, the
9. apartments in cities can be quite high. renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.
a. one a b. the one c. one d. a one
10. the education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
a. 不填, 不填 b. the, a
c. 不填, the d. the, 不填
11. i often have conversations with john over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with tom by ______ letter.
a. 不填;the b. 不填;a
c. the;不填 d. the; a
12. —john has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.
—yes, it really is. i have never heard _______ harder one.
a. the; 不填 b. 不填; the
c. the; the d. a; a
13. “what about ______ school?” “it is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as no 1 middle school attached to hunan normal university.”
a. a; the b. the; a
c. a; a d. the; the
14. the market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.
a. 不填, 不填 b. the, 不填
c. the, the d. 不填, the
15. “charley oakley, ______ nba all-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “i can hardly believe it.”
a. an; the b. a; the
c. the; a d. an; a
16. in the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, i mean, by _______ weight.
a. the; 不填 b.不填; 不填
c. the; the d.不填;the
17. many people agree that ______ knowledge of english is a must in _______ international trade today.
a. the, an b. a, 不填
c. the, the d. 不填, the
18. the cakes are delicious. i’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one i ate was too small.
a. the, the b. a, the
c. the, a d. a, a
19. ________ england of those years was _______ england in peace.
a. 不填, 不填 b. the, an
c. the, 不填 d. 不填, an
20. — did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?
— are they missing? i told you to take care of them.
a. a; 不填 b. the; 不填
c. the; the d. a; the
【答案与解析】
1. 选d,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠词;country 表示“农村”时,其前习惯上要用定冠词。
2. 选b,success 在此指“成功的事”,为可数名词;out of danger(脱离危险)为习语,其中不用冠词。
3. 选a,其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”,为可数名词。
4. 选b,sunday 前用不定冠词,表示“某一个”。
5. 选c,kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。
6. 选b,当概括事物的种类时,用定冠词,不用不定冠词;另外in danger of 是短语,不用冠词。
7. 选 a。on the phone 和 at work 均为习语,其中一个带冠词,一个不带冠词。
8. 选 b。unemployment 和 work 均为不可数名词,表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。
9. 选 d。a one bedroom apartment 意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。
10. 选b。the young 意为“年轻人”,定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物;第二空填不定冠词修饰名词 topic。
11. 选 a。over [on] the telephone 为习语,意为“通过电话”;若用 by telephone 则不用冠词,类似地,by letter(通过信件)也不用冠词。
12. 选d。第一空后的most不是构成最高级,而是表示“很”、“十分”,故其前用a;第二空也填a,该句为 i have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。
13. 选b。第一空填the,表特指;第二空填a,表泛指,as good a school as no. middle school attached to hunan normal university 意为“与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学”。
14. 选a。used computers 与 years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思,其前不用冠词。
15. 选d。nba中的 n 读音为 [??],即前面一个音为元音,故填an不填a;第二空填a表泛指,泛指任何一场比赛。
16. 选a。介词by表示“以…计”时,若后接单数可数名词,其前要用定冠词,如:by the week 按周,按星期 / by the ton 按吨 / by the yard 按码 / by the meter 按米;若后接抽象名词,则通常不用冠词,如:by volume 按体积 / by weight 按重量。
17. 选b。knowledge 虽为不可数名词,但其前却可用不定冠词,表示某种程度的知识,有类似some的意思;第二空不填冠词,是因为trade 为不可数名词,表示泛指时不用冠词。
18. 选b。序数词前通常用定冠词,表示特指(如第一空);有时也用不定冠词,表示原有数量上的增加(如第一空)。
19. 选b。原则上说,专有名词前不用冠词,但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词,表特指,即指“那时的英国”;第二空填不定冠词,表示具有某种特征。
20. 选c。are they missing? 中的代词they 是一个很重要的信息词,它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫,所以c。the black and white cat 可视为 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若选a,则表示“一只黑白相间的猫”。
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